Germanic etymology : Query result

Proto-Germanic: *ɵunga-, *ɵungian-

Meaning: heavy

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old Norse: ɵung-r `schwer', ɵungi m. `Bürde, Last', ɵüngja `bedrücken, plagen'

Norwegian: tung adj.; tüngja vb.

Swedish: tung adj.; tünga vb.

Danish: tung adj.; tünge vb.

Old High German: { ? Langob -gathungi `Mann eines gesellschaftlichen Rangen' }

Proto-Germanic: *ɵunkōn-

Meaning: wet, dye

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old High German: thunkōn `färben, eintauchen' (9.Jh.)

Middle High German: tunken, dunken wk. `tunken, (ein)tauchen'

German: tunken (макать)

Proto-Germanic: *ɵunnu-, *ɵunnia-

Meaning: thin

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old Norse: ɵunn-r `dünn, schwach, klar'

Norwegian: tunn

Swedish: tunn

Danish: tynd

Old English: ɵynne `thin'

English: thin

Old Frisian: thenne

Old Saxon: thunni `dünn, still, untief'

Middle Dutch: dunne

Dutch: dun

Middle Low German: dünne

Old High German: thunni (8.Jh.) `zart, schmal, schwach, dünn'

Middle High German: dünne 'dünn, zart, seicht'

German: dünn

Proto-Germanic: *ɵunra-z, *ɵunr

Meaning: thunder

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old Norse: ɵōrr, dat. ɵōri m. (ält. ɵunar-r) Göttername; ɵōrs-dagr m. `Donnerstag'

Norwegian: tor `Donner'; Torsdag

Swedish: Tor; dial. tōr'in `Donner'; Torsdag

Danish: Torsdag

Old English: ɵunor (-ar, -er, -ur), -es m. `thunder; one of the Teutonic gods, to whom Jupiter seems to have been considered most nearly to correspond'; { ɵunres-däg }

English: thunder, Thursday

Old Frisian: thuner; thunres-dei

Old Saxon: Thunar

Middle Dutch: donder, donre; donres-dach

Dutch: donder m.; Donderdag

Middle Low German: dunner, donner, donre, donder, dōner; dōner-dach

Old High German: Donar; thonar, donar (9.Jh.); Donares-tag

Middle High German: doner, toner; donre, tunre st. m. 'donner'

German: Donner

Proto-Germanic: *ɵurfan-; *ɵarbá-, *ɵarbṓ

Meaning: need, have to

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: ɵɔrban (ɵarf; ɵɔrbum; ɵɔrfta) prt.-prs. `need; have to, must; have need of'; ɵɔrft-s (a) `necessary, useful'; ɵɔrft-s f. (i) `necessity, need'; ɵarb-s (a) `necessary'; *ɵarba f. (ō) `need, necessity'; ga-ɵarban wk. `abstain from, exercise self-control'

Old Norse: 1) ɵarfa wk. `nötig sein'; ɵurfa (ɵarf) prt.-prs. `bedürfen'; 2) ɵarf-r `nötig, nützlich', ɵɔrf f. `Bedarf, Not, Mangel; Veranlassung; Nutzen'; ɵarfa(st) `notig hebben'

Norwegian: tarva-st vb.; turva vb.; torv

Old Swedish: Run. uɵaraßa-sbA

Swedish: tarva vb.; tarv

Old Danish: tarve vb.; törve vb.

Danish: tarv

Old English: 2) ɵearf `Bedürfnis, Nutzen'; ɵearfian `missen'; ɵurfan (ɵearf) vb.

Old Frisian: thurf, thorf, thur, thor vb.

Old Saxon: tharvōn; thurvan (tharf) vb.; tharf sbs.

Middle Dutch: darven, derven `missen, derven'; dorven (darf) `ik heb notig'

Dutch: derven; durven `nodig hebben, moeten'

Middle Low German: dörven; darven; derf `Schwindsucht'

Old High German: 1) thurfan (tharf) `bedürftig sein, brauchen, bedürfen' (9.Jh.); 2) darba `Entbehrung, Mangel'; tharbēn `ermangeln, entbehren, verzichten' (um 800), tharbōn `verzichten' (9.JH.); tharba `Bedarf, Mangel' (9.Jh.)

Middle High German: darben wk. 'darben; entbehren, ermangeln mit'; durfen, dürfen v. an. `Grund, Ursache haben, brauchen, bedürfen'

German: darben; dürfen; Darbe

Proto-Germanic: *ɵurna-z, *ɵurnu-z; *ɵurnia-z

Meaning: thorn, sloe

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: *ɵɔrnu-s m. (u) `thornplant'

Old Norse: ɵorn m. `Dorn, Nadel'; ɵürni-r m. `Dornbusch'

Norwegian: torn; dial. türner

Swedish: torn; törne

Danish: torn; tjörn

Old English: ɵorn, -es m. `thorn, prickle of a plant ; plant on which such prickles grow'

English: thorn

Old Frisian: thornen adj.

Old Saxon: thorn

Middle Dutch: doorn, dōren

Dutch: doorn, doren m.

Old Franconian: thorn

Middle Low German: dōrn

Old High German: thorn (8.Jh.)

Middle High German: dorn st. m. 'dorn, stachel, dornstrauch'

German: Dorn m.

Proto-Germanic: *ɵurpa-n

Meaning: village

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: ɵɔrp n. (a?) `land, lived-on property'

Old Norse: ɵorp n. `Hof, Bauernhaus; Dorf; Absatz eines Felsens; Grabhügel'

Norwegian: torp `kleiner Pachthof'

Swedish: torp `kleiner Pachthof'

Old Danish: torp `kleiner Pachthof'

Old English: ɵrop (ɵorp), -es m. `village'

English: thorp

Old Frisian: therp, thorp n. `village'

East Frisian: Fris terp, pl. -en

Old Saxon: thorp `Dorf'

Middle Dutch: dorp n. `akker, hoeve, dorp'

Dutch: dorp n.

Middle Low German: dorp

Old High German: thorf

Middle High German: dorf st. n. 'dorf'

German: Dorf n.

Proto-Germanic: *ɵurpa-n, *ɵurpian- vb.

Meaning: crowd

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old Norse: ɵorp n. `Haufe, Schar', ɵürpa-st `sich zusammenscharen'

German: { schweiz. Dorf `Besuch, Zusammenkunft' }

Proto-Germanic: *ɵust=

Meaning: silent, quiet

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old Swedish: thüster `schweigend, stumm, still'

Proto-Germanic: *ɵū[b]ōn, *ɵubbila-z

Meaning: hill, bush

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old Norse: ɵūfa f. `Erhöhung in der Erde, Hügelchen'; ɵǖf-t adj. n. `mit kleinen Hügelchen'

Norwegian: tuva

Swedish: tuva

Danish: tue

Old English: { ɵūf `Laubbüschel, Banner', ɵǖfel `Busch, Gebüsch', ɵūft `Gebüsch }

German: obd. düppel `Beule, Geschwulst'

Proto-Germanic: *ɵū, *ɵu; *ɵiki

Meaning: thou

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: ɵu (*ɵū)

Old Norse: ɵū

Old English: ɵū̆

English: thou

Old Saxon: thū̆

Middle Low German: dū

Old High German: thū (8.Jh.)

Middle High German: dū̆

German: du; dir; dich

Proto-Germanic: *ɵūmēn, *ɵumēn, *ɵumala-z, *ɵumila-z; *ɵausnō, *ɵausōn- vb., *ɵausian- vb., *ɵusi-z; *ɵwastian- vb.; *ɵiusian- vb., *ɵiustra-z, *ɵúsa-n, *ɵūsta-z, etc.

Meaning: furious, violent, angry, etc.

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: *ga-ɵwastjan wk. `set right, restore'; ɵwastiɵa f. (ō) `safeguard'; ɵausk n., ɵausn f. `Lärm, Unruhe', ɵeysa vb. `vorwärtstreiben', ɵüsja wk. `stürzen, stürmen, treiben'; ɵjōst-r m. `Zorn, Heftigkeit, Gewalt', ɵūst-r m. `Zorn, Feinseligkeit'; NIsl pl. f. ɵusur `Heftigkeit', ɵusu-ma δur `heftiger Mensch'

Old Norse: ɵumal-l n. PN, ɵumal-gingr m. `Daumen', NISl ɵumal-l `Daumen'; ɵeysa vb. `vorwärtstreiben', ɵüsja wk. `stürzen, stürmen, treiben'; ɵjōst-r m. `Zorn, Heftigkeit, Gewalt', ɵūst-r m. `Zorn, Feinseligkeit'; NIsl pl. f. ɵusur `Heftigkeit', ɵusu-ma δur `heftiger Mensch'

Norwegian: tume `Daumen, Zoll'; töysa vb.; tüsja vb.; tjoste

Old Swedish: ɵumi m. `Daumen', ɵum `Zoll'

Swedish: tumme `Daumen, Zoll'

Danish: tomme `Daumen, Zoll'

Old English: ɵūma `Daumen', ɵümel `Fingerhut'; ɵyssa m. `Toser', mägen-ɵysse `violence, force'; ɵysse `Gewalt'

English: thumb; thimble

Old Saxon: thūmo

Middle Dutch: dūme

Dutch: duim m.

Middle Low German: dūmelinc `Däumling', dūme

Old High German: thūmo `Daumen' (8.Jh.), thōsen `zerstören'

Middle High German: dūme, doume wk. m. 'daumen; handwinde in der schmiede'; doum st. m. 'zapfen, pfropfen'; diusen wk. `zerren, zausen', intr. 'in verwirrung geraten'

German: Daumen m.; Däumling

Comments: Contam. with *ɵauska-n q.v.

Proto-Germanic: *ɵūn=, *ɵun=

Meaning: rise (about waves)

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old English: ɵūnian `sich erheben'

Middle Low German: dūn(e) `geschwollen, dick, dicht'

Low German: dūnen `schwellen (auch vom Wasser)'; düning, dünnung `Wellen gegen die Windrichtung'

Middle High German: tunne wk. f. 'sturzsee'; { EaHG tünne `Woge' }

Proto-Germanic: *ɵūsund=, *ɵusund=

Meaning: thousend

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: ɵusundi, pl. -djōs `thousand'

Old Norse: ɵūsund f. `Tausend'

Norwegian: tusund

Swedish: tusen

Danish: tusen

Old English: ɵūsend f., n. `thousend'

English: thousand

Old Frisian: thūsend

Old Saxon: thusundig, thūsind

Middle Dutch: dūsent

Dutch: duizend

Middle Low German: dusunt, dūsent

Old High German: thūsunt f./m. (8.Jh.), Lex Salica thūschunde

Middle High German: tūsent, alem., md. tūsing, tūseng, tūsig num. 'tausend'

German: tausend

Proto-Germanic: *ɵūtan-/*ɵiutan-, *ɵū̆t=

Meaning: shout, thunder

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: ɵūt-hɔrn 'Trompete'

Old Norse: ɵüt-r 'Lärm, Getöse'

Old English: ɵutan 'tönen'

Old High German: dioʒan 'tönen'

Middle High German: dieʒen st. 'laut schallen, rauschen'; duʒ (-ʒʒ-) st. m. 'Schall, Geräusch, Geheul'

German: tuten

Proto-Germanic: *ɵū́xan-/*ɵíuxan-

Meaning: press

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old English: ɵǖn, ɵēon `drücken, belästigen, stossen, stechen, grohen'

Middle Dutch: duwen, douwen `duwen, drukken, dringen'

Dutch: duwen (< westvlam.)

Old High German: { dūhen `drücken, niederdrücken' }

Middle High German: diuhen, tiuhen, dūhen, douhen wk. 'drücken, schieben, ein-, niederdrücken'

German: { dial. deuhen, dauhen }

Proto-Germanic: *[ɵ]wart=

Meaning: quartz

IE etymology: IE etymology

Middle High German: quarz (Böhmen, 1. Hälfte 14.Jh.)

German: [ Quarz m. < omd. ]

Proto-Germanic: *ɵwingán- vb., *ɵwingōn- vb.; *ɵwangá-z, *ɵwangí-z; *ɵū́xian- vb.

Meaning: squeeze, punish

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old Norse: ɵvinga wk. `zwingen, quälen'; ɵveng-r m. `Riemen'

Norwegian: tvinga wk./st.; dial. tveng `Schuhriemen'

Old Swedish: ɵvinga wk./st.

Swedish: tvinga wk./st.

Danish: tvinge vb.; tvinge `Zwinge'

Old English: ɵwingan; ɵwong

English: thong

Old Frisian: thwinga vb.; thwong `het bedwingen'

Old Saxon: thwingan `zwingen, bedrängen'

Middle Dutch: dwinghen; dwanc `macht, dwang'

Dutch: dwingen; dwang m.

Middle Low German: dwingen; dwank `dwang, macht, enge ruimte'

Old High German: thwingan (8.Jh.), twingan (9.Jh.) `zwingen, unterjochen, beherrschen, festbinden'; dūhen `drücken, niederdrücken'; dwang `teugel'

Middle High German: twingen, dwingen (/ quingen, zwingen) st. `(zusammen)drücken, pressen, (be)drängen, nötigen, einschliessen, beherrschen, bändigen'

German: zwingen; { deuhen, dauhen }

Proto-Germanic: *ɵwiran- vb., *ɵurjan- vb., *ɵurēn; *ɵwarōn, *ɵwarēn; *ɵwirila-z; *staurēn-, *sturja-z, *sturjōn, *sturma-z etc.; *ɵrumja-z, *ɵrumjōn, *ɵrumōn

Meaning: turn, mix

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old Norse: 1) ɵvara f. `Rührstab, Quirl'; ɵvari m. `Bohrer, Stock, Stange; Schwert, Speer'; ɵyril-l m. ON (Bergname), NIsl ɵüril-l `Rührstock'; ; ɵürja wk. `schnell fahren, sausen' (poet.); NIsl ɵori m. `Menge, Masse'; 2) stür-r m. `Tumult, Kampf', storm-r `Sturm, Kampf'; stürja f. `Tumult, Kampf' (poet.); storδ f. `Streit, Kampf' (ɵula); 3) ɵrüm-r m. `Lärm, Krachen', ɵrüma f. `Donner, Lärm', ɵruma f. `id.'

Norwegian: tvare `Bohrer'; tvorel, turull, tverel, tvirel; storm

Swedish: 1) dial. tvara, tvöra `umrühren', dial. türel, törel; storm

Danish: storm

Old English: 1) ā-ɵweran `rühren; ɵwǟre, ɵwēre f. `Stössel, Stampfe'; ɵwiril m. `Rührstab'; storm `Sturm'; 3) ɵrymm `Menge, lärmende Schar'; 2) styrian `bewegen'; gestyr `Bewegung'

English: stir; storm

Old Frisian: 2) stēra `verstrooien, vernietigen'

Old Saxon: far-sturian `subvertere'; storm `storm'

Middle Dutch: dwērelen `dwarrelen, draaien'; stōren, steuren `beroeen, kwellen, hinderen, storen, verwoesten'; stōren, Kil. stooren `storen, hinderen'; storm m. `onstuimige beweging, storm, heftige aanval'

Dutch: dwarrelen; dial. dweer `warrelwind'; storen, dial. steuren; storm m.

Middle Low German: 1) twerl, dwarl, dwerl `Wirbel, Kraushaar'; dwer, dwēre `warrelwind'; dwerl, dwarl `draai, krul'; stōren

Old High German: 1) thweran st. `mengen, drehen' (9.Jh.); thwiril (9.Jh.) `was sich schnell herumdreht, Rührstab'; 2) stōren, stōrren (ga-, ar-, zi-) `stören, in Verwirrung bringen'; ir-sturien `stöchern, antreiben'; sturm m. `heftige beweging; onstuimigheid, storm'

Middle High German: 1) twërn, dwërn st. `herumdrehen, durcheinanderrühren, mischen', frühnhd. (obd.) twir(e)l, (md.) quirrel, querel; 2) stürn wk., md. storen 'stochern; stacheln, antreiben'

German: 1) Quirl m.; schweiz. zweren; 2) stören `turbare', zer-, verstören; stüren `in etwas hertumstöbrn od. wühlen'; 3) Sturm; schweiz. sturm `schwindlig', stürmi `Schwindel'

Proto-Germanic: *ɵwīnan- vb.

Meaning: become weak, disappear

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old Norse: dvīna `schwach werden, schwinden'

Norwegian: dial. dvina vb.; dial. tvina vb.

Swedish: tvina vb.

Old Danish: tvine vb.

Old English: dwīnan `abnehmen, schwinden'; ɵwīnan st. `hinschwinden'

Dutch: verdwijnen `hinschwinden'